Jaw crusher plate



June 28, 1938. Q c. v. HALLENBECK 2,122,033

JAW CRUSHER PLATE Filed April 30, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

CHA E'LES -v. HAM E/VBEC/f /6 /9 Eg 6 ATTORNEY.

' June 1938- c. v. HALLE'NBECK 2,122,033

JAW CRUSHER PLATE Filed April 30, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M mm m Ill m m W ml INVENTOR. Mi t RLES. .11 55C F1 25 BY HA K ATTORNEY.

Patented June 28, :1 938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE v JAW CRUSHER PLATE Charles V. Hallenbeck, Denver, 0010.

Application April 30, 1935, Serial No. 19,008 Claims. (c1. 83--53) This invention relates to improvements in removable crusher plates for jaw crushers.

The use of jaw crushers is quite common in industries where large quantities of rock are to be crushed as in connection with mining and road construction work. It is obvious that jaw crushers are subjected to severe strains during operation and they are therefore made very strong and rugged so as to reduce the danger of breakage to a minimum.

The surfaces of the jaws which act on the rock to crushthe same are subject to very great abrading forces that produce rapid wear and are therefore formed from hardened steel such as manganese steel. One plate is attached to the stationary frame and the other to the pitman andthe plates are usually provided with cylindrically convex surfaces having parallel ridges extending in the direction of the material movement. Such conventional jaw plates, in spite of the wear resisting material used in their construction, wear away quite rapidly and are therefore madereversible and readily replaceable.

The conventionallcrusher plates are usually provided on their crushing surfaces with parallel'ribs or ridges thatextend parallel with the direction of movement of the material through the crusher and areso arranged that the ridges on one plate are opposite grooves or valleys in the other, or in staggered relation. Since the ridges are spaced only from one and one-half to two inches apart, they do not exert a breaking action on the stones or rocks, but merely a crushing action.

The arrangement of the corrugations on the conventional crusher plates, where the plates are set as close as one inch apart at the discharge edge, results in too much sand due to the crushing of the smaller particles.

It is the principal object of this invention to produce a crusher plate provided with ridges so constructed and positioned that they will exert their entire force against the larger pieces of rock along single lines of contact, which are staggered relative to the corresponding lines on the opposite side so as to produce breaking forces, and to increase the number of ridges and decrease their size towards the discharge edges of the plates so as to make the number and size of the ridges commensurate with the number and sizes of the particles.

Another object of this invention is to produce a crusher plate that will reduce the material to smaller particles and with the production of less sand, than is possible with the usual construc-" tion of jaw plates. p

A still further object of this invention is to produce a plate that will not clog when set closely for the purpose of fine crushing and in which the final crushing takes place between fiat surfaces.

-The above and other objects of thisinventio that may become apparent as the description proceeds are attained by means of a construction and an arrangementthat will now be described, and for this purpose reference will now' be had to the accompanying drawings in which the invention has been illustrated in its preferred form and in which a Figure 1 is a plan view of oneof the removable jaw plates;

Figure 4 is a section taken on line 4-4, Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a section taken on line 55, Figure 1;

- Figure 6 is a section taken on line 6-6, Fig

ure 2;

Figure '7 is a section through the jaws of a jaw crusher showing my improved plates in operative position; Y

Figure 8 is a fragmentary section similar to that shown in Figure 3 but to a larger scale, and

shows how the apexes of the ridges are reenforced by having welded thereto some extremely hard and wear-resisting material;

Figure '9 isa plan view-showing a modified form of plate;

Figure 10 is a vertical section taken on line l0-l0, Figure 9;

Figure 11 is atransverse section taken on line ll| I, Figure 9;

Figure 12' is a'transverse section taken on line l2-l2, Figure 9; I

Figure 13 is a transverse section taken on lin 13-43, Figure 9; and p Figure 14 is a fragmentary sectional view to a somewhat enlarged scale and shows the position of the opposite crusher plates with respect to a' large rock.

In the drawings reference numeral 9 designates a portion of the stationary frame and which is provided with end walls ID in which the shaft II is journaled. A heavy flywheel I2 is secured to each end of the shaft to provide the momentum and kinetic energy necessary to break large pieces of rock.

The part marked H and shown in section in Figure 7 is eccentric with respect to the axis on which the shaft rotates and this imparts a rotary motion to the upper end of the pitman I3. The lower end of the pitman rests against a toggle It. Since this invention relates to the removable crusher jaw plates only, the construction of the machine will not be further described.

The plates differ from the ordinary plates primarily in this, that the ridges, with which the crushing surface is provided, are shaped, positioned and arranged in a different manner for the purpose of obtaining the improved results above indicated.

Referring now to Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, numeral l5 designates the jaw plate that is attached to the pitman. The plate has been shown .as rectangular and has its upper and lower edges l6 and il, respectively, beveled to facilitate its attachment to the pitman by the means shown in Figure 7.

When the top of the plate or plates is mentioned the edge where the material enters is meant, while the bottom indicates the lower edge in Figure 7 where the material leaves. The crushing surface can be rounded as shown in Figure 5 or flat as shown in Figure 6, and is provided with ridges extending in the direction of material travel.

The ridges l8 extend the whole width of the plate and are higher at the top than at the bottom. Located between the ridges it are ridges is which increase in height downwardly and are much lower than the ridges l8 at thetop oi the plate, and which extend entirely across the plate. At the point marked X the heights of the ridges l8 and it become equal and remain at equal height to the bottom of the plate. At, or slightly below the line X, another set of ridges begins; these have been designated by numeral 20 and one ridge 2b is located between each adjacent pair of ridges i8 and i9. Ridges 26 are low at their tops and increase in height downwardly, until at the lower edge of the plate the ridges I8, is and 29 are of the same height as shown in Figure 4, the number of increased sets of ridges being optional.

The plate illustrated in Figures 1, 3 and 4, will, for the purpose of this description, be considered to be the one attached to the pitman while the one illustrated in Figures 2 and 6 and designated by numeral 2! is the one attached to the frame 9. In the drawings, plate 2i has been shown as having a flat, ribbed crushing surface but this is for illustration only as plate 2i may have a cylindrical surface like plate 55 or both may be flat.

The real distinction between plates 15 and.2l is that the ridges l8 are positioned differently so that the apexes of the ridges l8 on plate 2! will come between the apexes of the corresponding ridges 58 on plate i5 as can readily be seen by projecting lines from Figure 2 to Figure 1 while the apexes of the ridges 29 are in alinement.

The ridges marked !9 are low at the top of the plate and increase in height in a downward direction and therefore at the line X the apex of each ridge It will be directly over the apex of a ridge IS on the opposing plate and a splitting or pincer action is exerted on the material below the line X, as distinguished from a breaking action above this line. The ridges 20 do not reach the same height as the ridges l8 and I9 until close to the bottom edge and serve to limit the sizes of the particles that pass through the crusher.

In Figure 8 a fragmentary section has been shown in which the apexes of the ridges l8 and. 59 are truncated and after the plate is formed, manganese steel is applied to the apexes by oxyacetylene or electric welding. The material thus applied has been designated by numeral 22 and is exceptionally hard and wear resisting due to its inherent characteristic and to the further fact that it becomes chilled when applied, due to the good heat conducting properties and large heat capacity of the plate.

It has been found that the manganese steel apexes 22 will be still more wear-resisting if they are subjected to a peening operation, or to some other equivalent compression action that will increase the density of the material.

The action of the plates will now be described. The plates 85 and 25, shown in Figure '7, are arranged so that the ridges l8 are staggered in the manner shown in Figure 14, and therefore rocks fed to the crusher will be subjected to oppositely acting staggered forces that set up breaking strains as distinguished from splitting strains. InFigures 3 and 14 a member 23 has been indicated respectively by dotted and full lines and shown as resting against two spaced ridges [8 of plate [5. Engaging the opposite side of member 23 is a ridge E8 of plate 2! which is positioned midway between the ridges M5 on plate I 5. It is evident that, owing to the relative positions of the ridges it on the two plates, breaking forces will be exerted on the rocks and since such forces are more effective for breaking large boulders and the splitting action of smaller stones tends to create a better grade of finished aggregate and a considerable saving of power is effected. The breaking action, just described, will continue until the material reaches line X after which the ridges E8 on one plate will be opposed by the ridges H) on the other plate and material coming between the plates will therefore be subjected to a splitting action after passing below this line. The ridges 20 reach the same height as ridges l8 and it at point Y and the sizes of the particles that can pass will therefore be limited.

When material is to be crushed very fine the plates are constructed as shown in Figures 9 and from which it will be seen that the ribs i8 and is are shorter than the width of the plate and the lower part of the plate, which has been designated by reference numeral 24, is smooth and these two smooth surfaces therefore produce a roll crusher action which makes it possible to reduce the material to any desired degree of fineness, it being understood that even roll crushers are not designed or intended for use where very fine grinding is desired as the final stages of fine grinding can be more economically effected by ball or bar mills.

Experience has shown that plates constructed as above described are more effective and efficient than the usual type of ribbed plates and that they last longer. The improved results are primarily due to the full force of the jaw being applied at one point against the rock whether it be a large boulder at the top of the crusher opening, or a small boulder in the center, or a still smaller one at the bottom, and also the arrangement whereby the breaking action at line X is changed from breaking to splitting. Attention is called to the fact that the conventional crusher has crushing action the full length of the plate due to the same size corrugations for the full length of the plate which corrugations necessarily must be small in order to crush the little rock at the bottom and since it is small, from six to eight corrugations come in contact simultaneously with the large boulder being fed in at the top.

The application to the apexes of the ridges of manganese steel by a welding operation and the subsequent compression of this material produces surfaces that are highly wear-resistant and this makes it possible to make the body of the plate of. ordinary steel and still get the wearing properties of manganese steel;

It has been found that ordinary steel plates formed with ridges and whose apexes are formed by manganese steel wear longer than manganese the chilling of the material and to the compression of the manganese steel.

It has also been found that by decreasing the height of the ribs in the directionof material travel, improved results are obtained over other plates having ridges of uniform height.

In order to give an idea of. the size of the plates and the distance between the ridges l8 of the second set being positioned between the ridges of the first set and increasing in height from the top downwardly, the ridges of the'third set being positioned between the ridges of the other two, the upper ends of the third set terminating below the center of the plate, the ridges of said third set increasing in height downwardly, the height of the three sets of ridges being substantially equal at their lower ends.

2. A-plate in accordance with claim 1 in which all of the ridges terminate at their lower ends ina smooth crushing surface.

3. In a crusher having relatively movable jaws, a removable crusher plate'for each jaw, the crushing surfaces of the plates being provided with laterally contiguous sets of continuous pressure ridges extending in the general direction of the movement of material through the crusher, the height of one set of. ridges decreasing in the direction of the movement of material and the height of another set increasing in said direction through at least a portion of its'length and until the height of the ridges of said sets reach a common plane, the ridges of identical sets on opposing plate surfaces being staggered, and in opposed relation to the ridges of said other sets.

4. A crusher plate for jaw crushers, having one side provided with three sets of ridges forming a pressure surface,one set decreasing in height from the top of the plate downwardly, the ridges of the second set being positioned between the ridges of the first set and increasing in height from the top downwardly, the ridges of the third set being positioned between the ridges of the other two, the ridges of said third set increasing in .height downwardly, the height of. the three sets of ridges being substantially equal at their lower ends.

' 5. A plate in accordance with claim 4 in which all of. the ridges terminate at their lower ends in a smooth-crushing surface. 7

CHARLES V. HALLENBECK. 

